NPTE PASS

Physical therapists will become knowledgeable with basic anatomy of the heart including blood flow through the heart, heart tissues, heart valves, cardiac cycle, and hemodynamics of the heart. The second part of the lecture covers changes in hemodynamics in relation to the aerobic & anaerobic ex, altitudes, during Valsalva maneuver, and in aquatic therapy. The lectures also addresses the cardiac examination which includes examination of pulse, heart sounds, and blood pressure.

The first lecture presents the components and steps Evidence-Based Practice (EBP), then delve into definition of research, its steps and discussion of each step of the research, and different types of research studies.

  The lecture presents the basic anatomy of kidney, its pathology, its interaction and relation to antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and angiotensin, and the types, assessment, and intervention of urinary incontinence and prostatitis. The lecture discusses the effect of increased and decreased of minerals ( potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium) on multiple systems of the body.

The lecture presents the basics of neuroanatomy of the brain including different lobes, and circle of Willis, then it discusses the signs and symptoms resulted from occlusion of blood arteries supply the brain ( carotid system, and vertebra basilar system). The second part of the lecture presents physical therapy examination, management , and outcome measures for the patients with stroke.

• Anatomical Basics: Explore the foundational anatomy of the shoulder, encompassing bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles.
• Shoulder Biomechanics: Delve into the mechanics of the shoulder, focusing on normal shoulder movements, scapular movements & scapular muscles, scapulohumeral rhythm, coupling forces acting on shoulder and scapula.

The lecture presents the basic anatomy and physiology of the pulmonary system including the structures of respiratory tracts, lung tissues, muscles of ventilation, difference between ventilation and respiration, ventilation perfusion matching (V/Q), and finally lung volumes & capacities.

The lecture presents the basic anatomy and physiology of the pulmonary system including the structures of respiratory tracts, lung tissues, muscles of ventilation, difference between ventilation and respiration, ventilation perfusion matching (V/Q), and finally lung volumes & capacities.

The physical therapists will be able to identify the different cardiac conditions and differential diagnosis such as heart failure with different types and classifications, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA), Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), coronary arteries diseases (angina and myocardial infarction), peripheral arterial diseases (PAD), and venous diseases.

• Focusing on differences between actions and stretching of muscles of shoulder and scapula e.g., levator scapula, upper trapezius, scalene muscles and pectoralis minor.
• Shoulder Related Disorders: Examine common shoulder conditions, their pathophysiology, and associated risk factors e.g., mechanisms of scapular dyskinesia, impingement syndrome, thoracic outlet syndrome.
• Special Tests: Learn and practice specialized assessments for diagnosing shoulder conditions effectively.

The lecture presents the basics of neuroanatomy of the brain including different lobes, and circle of Willis, then it discusses the signs and symptoms resulted from occlusion of blood arteries supply the brain ( carotid system, and vertebra basilar system). The second part of the lecture presents physical therapy examination, management , and outcome measures for the patients with stroke.

Professional responsibility section covers ethical principles, legal considerations, standards of practice, and NPTE-specific scenarios, participants will gain the essential knowledge to excel in the ethical and legal aspects of physical therapy practice.

The lecture presents the basic and important components of pulmonary system examination for physical therapists. These components include inspection of body types and respiratory rates & patterns, auscultation of normal and abnormal breath sounds, palpation of diaphragm and chest mobility, and percussion.

• Interventions and rehabilitation protocoles for shoulder conditions and post shoulder surgeries e.g., rotator cuff repair, shoulder instablities and dislocations, Hill Sacks lesion, SLAP and Bankart lesions repairs.
• Mobilization of glenohumeral joint, sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint and scapulothoracic joint.

The lecture presents the basic anatomy of vestibular system, vestibulospinal tracts, vestibulo - ocular reflex, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV), difference between can lithiasis and cupuloithiasis, examination of semicircular canals dysfunction and finally vestibular rehabilitation.

The second lecture presents the different methods of statistics (mean, median, mode, chi square test, man Whitney test, ANOVA, correlation, and coefficient factor).

The lecture discusses ECG, an important and challenging topic for physical therapists, which includes the normal conduction system, normal ECG recordings & waveforms, then delve into how to determine both normal & abnormal heart rate, heart rhythm, and abnormalities of each waveforms and linking them to the different cardiac diseases. By the end of lecture, the physical therapists will be able to read ECG easily and efficiently.

• Elbow and Forearm Anatomy: Study the detailed anatomy of the elbow and forearm structures.
• Elbow and Forearm Biomechanics: Understand the biomechanics of elbow and forearm complex (kinematics and kinetics). Also, their-related pathomecanics.
• Related Disorders and PT intervention: Explore common disorders affecting the elbow and forearm e.g., Nursemaid elbow, medial & lateral epicondylitis,myositis ossificans and fractures, along with special tests for accurate diagnoses and appropriate interventions and mobilizations.

Prepare for the NPTE with a focused course:

• Skin anatomy, pathologies, types of tissue union, types of wounds (acute & chronic), types of ulcers e.g., arterial, venous and diabetic diagnostic procedures, burns, and clinical decision-making.
• Wound debridement and dressings

This course provides targeted review and practice to boost confidence and success in the integumentary section of NPTE.

Covers safety protocols, infection control, patient risk assessment

• Wrist and Hand Anatomy and biomechanics: Investigate the intricate anatomy of the wrist and the hand.
• Related Disorders and PT Strategies: Explore common wrist and hand conditions e.g., TFCC tear, fractures of wrist and hand along with special tests for accurate diagnoses corresponding therapeutic interventions.
• Hand problems & deformities differential diagnosis: DeQuervains tenosynovitis, intersection syndrome, Duputrynes contracture, trigger finger, boutainere deformity, swan neck deformity, mallet finger and Jersey finger

The lecture includes two sections. The first section discusses the pharmacological treatment of some cardiac diseases. The other section addresses to the phases of physical therapy management for cardiac surgeries and diseases.

The lecture presents different intervention strategies for pulmonary diseases which include postural drainage, shaking, and percussion, and independent (Active cycle of breathing ACT, autogenic drainage, high/low pressure positive expiratory pressure(PEP) mask) airway clearance techniques, and breathing exercises.

Brief description of basic anatomy of spinal cord and ascending & descending tracts. Determining and description of the level (neurological, motor, and sensory), and the type (anterior, posterior, central, and brown Sequard) of spinal cord injuries with their signs and symptoms is an integral part of the lecture. The second part presents physical therapy examination and management for each level of spinal cord injuries.

• The different pathophysiology, types, stages, grades, therapy and intervention guidelines based on lab values of cancer.
• Understand the physiological changes during pregnancy.
• Conditions related to pregnancy: Recognize and manage common gynecological conditions e.g Diastasis recti, postural related back pain, Meralgia Paresthetica.
• High risk pregnancy conditions.
• Maternal responses to aerobic exrecises
• Guidelines for managing the pregnant women
• Exercise precautions, Indications and contraindications during pregnancy.

At the first the lecture addresses the difference between motor performance and motor learning, the stages of motor learning including types of feedback and practice are presented through the rest of lecture

Brief description of basic anatomy of spinal cord and ascending & descending tracts. Determining and description of the level (neurological, motor, and sensory), and the type (anterior, posterior, central, and brown Sequard) of spinal cord injuries with their signs and symptoms is an integral part of the lecture. The second part presents physical therapy examination and management for each level of spinal cord injuries.

Differential diagnosis of the neurological diseases of Parkinsonism, GBS, ALS, MS, and myasthenia gravis through presenting the causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prognosis for each disease.

• Lumbar Spine Anatomy and biomechanics e,g., coupled movements
• knowing different lumbar spine pathomechanics and conditions e.g., lumbar disc prolapse, stenosis, spondylosis, spondylolysis and sponylolithesis.
• Secrets and concepts of spine mobilization.

The lecture presents the basic anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the lymphatic system. It also presents lipedema and lymphedema (causes, types, stages, medical diagnosis and physical therapy assessment and management)

At the beginning, the lecture presents the developmental milestones, stages of motor control, then delve into difference between preterm & full-term infant, assessment of neonates using APGAR score, intervention based on APGAR score, assessment of neonatal reflexes, and physical therapy management of some pediatric conditions as cerebral palsy, spina bifida, hydrocephalus, brachial plexus injury, down syndrome, plagiocephaly, Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, and autism spectrum disorder.

The lecture describes the signs and symptoms of metabolic diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM); causes, types, diagnosis, and management, diabetes insipidus, and the effect of increased and decreased levels of different hormones (thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormones, adrenal cortex, and adrenal medulla hormones) on the body systems.

• Applications, indications, contraindications, and precautions of thermal modalities.
• Applications, indications, contraindications, and precautions of iontophoresis.
• Applications, indications, contraindications, and precautions of electrotherapy modalities.
• Applications, indications, contraindications, and precautions of ultrasound excluding phonophoresis.
• Applications, indications, contraindications, and precautions of mechanical modalities.
• Applications, indications, contraindications, and precautions of biofeedback.

The lecture describes the definition, mechanism of injury pathophysiology, and levels of traumatic brain injury. Then delve into assessment of TBI using Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Rancho los amigos levels of cognitive functioning (LOCF). Finally, it presents early medical management and physical therapy management.

• Hip Anatomy: Examine the detailed anatomy of the hip.
• Hip Biomechanics: Understand the biomechanics of hip movements (kinematics and kinetics).
• Physical Examination and Special Tests: Master assessment techniques for effective evaluation.
• Related Disorders and PT Strategies: Explore common pelvis, sacroiliac and hip pathologies and corresponding therapeutic strategies.

• The basic anatomy and physiology of GIT including abdominal quadrants & organs.
• Signs and symptoms common to many types og GI disorders.
• Typical pain patterns.
• The pathologies that occur at different levels of GIT e.g., GERD, hernias, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, cholelithiasis & cholecystitis, inflammatory bowel syndromes, irrtitable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, diverticular disease and appendicitis.

• Knee Anatomy: Study the intricate anatomy of the knee.
• Knee Biomechanics: Understand the biomechanics governing knee movements (kinematics and kinetics). Also, the pathomechanics like those involved in ACL injuries.
• Physical Examination and Special Tests: Focus on examination techniques specific to the knee. Learn specialized tests for accurate diagnosis.
• Related Disorders and Treatment Strategies: Deepen understanding of specific knee pathologies. Explore therapeutic approaches for knee-related issues.
• Ankle and foot Anatomy: Examine the detailed anatomy of the ankle and the foot.
• Ankle and foot Biomechanics: Understand the biomechanics of ankle movements (kinematics and kinetics). Also, the pathomechanics like those involved in ankle sprain injuries.
• Physical Examination and Special Tests: Master assessment techniques for precise diagnosis.
• Related Disorders and PT Strategies: Explore common ankle pathologies and therapeutic interventions.

• Gait Analysis: Analyze the gait cycle and phases.
• Biomechanical Principles: Understand the biomechanical principles of gait, range of motions of joints, ground reaction forces and acting muscles in each phase of gait cycle.
• Gait problems and deviations: identification and analysis of abnormal gait patterns

• Prescription and Fitting: Learn guidelines for prescribing and fitting orthoses.
• Gait Training for Amputees: Develop rehabilitation strategies for individuals with prosthetics

At the beginning of the lecture, there is a review of brachial plexus and learn how to draw it easily, then the lecture presents the course of each root of brachial plexus and determine the impairments and problems resulted from lesions of the terminating branches at different regions during their courses.